2008年12月5日星期五

五个基本句型汉译英练习

五个基本句型汉译英练习

1:主谓结构(Subject+Verb)

本结构是由主语(Subject)加不及物的谓语动词(Vi.)构成, 常用来表示主语的动作。如,
The sun rises.
主语可有修饰语---定语,如,The red sun rises.
谓语可有修饰语---状语,如,The red sun rises in the east.
  
1. You should study hard.
2. Great changes have taken place in my home town in the past ten years.

2.主系表结构  
说明: 本结构是由主语+系动词+表语组成,主要用以说明主语的特征,类属,状态,身份等。
系动词有
(1)表示特征和存在状态的 be, seem, feel, appear, look, smell, taste, sound.
(2)表示状态延续的 remain, stay, keep, continue, stand.
(3)表示状态变化的 become, get, turn, go, run, fall, come, grow.
 
1. My brothers are all college students.
2. Mrs Brown looks very healthy.
3. Children, keep quiet please.
4. The leaves have turned yellow.
5. The report sounds interesting.
3:主谓宾结构(一)
此结构是由主语+谓语+宾语构成。其中的谓语动词须是及物动词或及物动词词组。
宾语须是名词或相当于名词的成分。
1. I wrote a letter last night.
2. I want to talk with you this afternoon.
3. He has read this book many times.
4. They have carried out the plan successfully.
5. You must finish reading these books in two weeks.
6. That gentlemen can speak three languages fluently.
7. I received a letter from my pen friend in Australia.
8. Jim cannot dress himself.
9. All of us believe that Jack is an honest boy.
10. He did not know what to say.
11. He takes a cold bath every morning.
12. Do you mind my opening the window?
 
主谓宾结构(二)

说明:
此结构中的谓语动词常常是动词词组,分两种情况:1.及物动词+副词,2.不及物动词+介词。
1. I don’t believe in(介) that man.
2. He pointed out(副) the mistakes in my composition.
3. On Christmas Day, we will call on(介)our foreign teachers.
4. You must hand in(副) your exercise-books after class.
5. We cannot work out(副) the problem in five minutes.
6. They sang high praise for the deeds of the hero.
7. The nurse will take good care of your father.
8. You can depend on(介) him in your work.
9. Boiling water gives off(副) steam.
10. After writing a composition, we must go over(介)it.
11. Take off your coat and put it on(副) before you leave.
12. People will find her out(副).
13. We must send for(介) a doctor.
 


4:双宾语结构

说明:此结构由主语+及物谓语动词+间接宾语(人)+直接宾语(事物)组成。如,
He brings me cookies every day.
She made me a beautiful dress.
但若要先说出直接宾语(事物),后说间接宾语(人),则要借助于介词to或for,如,
He brings cookies to me every day.
She made a beautiful dress for me.
用to侧重指动作的方向,表示朝着,向着,对着某人。
用for 侧重指动作的受益者,表示为了某人,替某人。
 
常跟双宾语的动词有:
(需借助to的)bring, give, lend, hand, offer, pass, pay, promise, return, send, show, teach, tell, write, ask,等。
(需借助for 的) buy, call, cook, choose, draw, find, get, make, order, sing, save, spare,等。
1. Mr Johnson taught us German last year.
2. Grandma told me an interesting story last night.
3. Mary handed the wallet to the schoolmaster.
4. Would you please pass me the dictionary?
5. He showed the ticket to the conductor.
6. This term I have written three letters to my parents.
7. My father has bought me a new bike.
8. Robinson Crusoe made himself a boat.
9. Will you please get me a new copy?
10. Shall I call you a taxi?
The new machine will save you a lot of labour.


5:复合宾语结构

说明: 此结构由主语+及物的谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语构成。宾语与宾语补足语有逻辑的主谓关系,若无宾语补足语,则句意不完整。可以用做宾补的有,名词,形容词,副词,介词短语,动词不定式,分词。如,
The sun keeps us warm.
I heard him singing.
You must get your hair cut.
 
用 it 做形式宾语,而将真正的宾语放到宾语补足语的后面,是英语常用句型。
即 主语 + 谓语 + it + 宾补 + 真正宾语。如,
I found it very pleasant to be with your family.
 
翻译练习
1. 我们叫她Alice.
2. 他的父母给他取名为John.
3. 我们大家都认为他是诚实的。
4. 他们把门推开了。
5. 他们把小偷释放了。
6. 我们要使学校变得更美丽。
7. 他请我们参加做游戏。
8. 我要你把真相告诉我。
9. 卫兵命令我们立即离开。
10. 明天我要找人来修理机器。
11. 每天早晨我们都听到他大声朗读英语。
12. 痛苦使得他叫喊起来。
13. 我们不会让她在晚上外出的。
14. 他每个月理一次发。
15. 我要请人把我的录音机修理一下。
16. 那可怕的声音把孩子们吓坏了
17. 她正在听人家讲故事。
18. 男孩子们都在看士兵们操练。
19. 我从来没看见这个字这样用过。
20. 他感到很难跟你交谈。
21. 我想乘船去那里更舒服些。
22. 我认为有可能用另一种方法解题。
23. 学校定了一条规则,开始上课时学生要起立。
24. 我认为与那个人谈话是无益的。
 
参考答案
1. We call her Alice.
2. His parents named him John.
3. All of us considered him honest.
4. They pushed the door open.
5. They have set the thief free.
6. We will make our school more beautiful.
7. He asked us to join in the game.
8. I want you to tell me the truth.
9. The guards ordered us to leave at once.
10. Tomorrow I’ll have someone repair the machine.
11. Every morning we hear him read English aloud.
12. The pain made him cry out.
13. We won’t let her go out at night.
14. He has his hair cut once a month.
15. I’ll get my recorder mended.
16. The terrible sound made the children frightened.
17. She is listening to someone telling stories.
18. The boys were watching the soldiers drilling.
19. I have never seen the word used that way before.
20. He felt it very difficult to talk with you.
21. I think it more comfortable to go there by ship.
22. I consider it possible to work out the problem in another way.
23. The school made it a rule that the students should stand up when class begins.
24. I thought it no use talking with that man.

英语话剧剧本<美女与野兽>

英语话剧剧本<美女与野兽> 第一幕

背景:王子的宫殿
人物:王子(the prince),随从A,随从B,女巫(the witch),旁白(the narrator)
背景灯关,旁白上。
旁白:good evenning, I am the narrator. Tonight I will lead you to enjoy a wonderful story—the beauty and the beast. (鞠躬,退到舞台旁。背景灯亮,显示宫殿背景。)
旁白:once upon a time, there is a prince living in a castle.
(恢宏的音乐响起,王子带着两个随从上)
(音乐声停)
王子(高傲的):I am handsome, I am rich, I am the owner of the most beautiful castle and garden in the world!
(女巫化做丑妇上)
女巫(凄苦的样子):it’s raining heavily outside! My dear prince, please let me stay in your castle until the rain ends!
王子(厌恶的后退几步):how ugly how dirty a thing it is! I won’t let such a thing stay in my beautiful castle! Get out of here!!
(随从上前驱赶女巫,女巫轻松挣开,向王子施法)
女巫:oh, proud prince, you will pay for what you have done to me!!
(杂乱的音乐,王子变成野兽(戴上面具),随从被他的样子吓跑,离开舞台。女巫大笑离开舞台)
王子:what happen? Why are they running away?
(看到镜子中自己的样子,震惊)
王子:what!!!oh, that can not be me !!!(狂乱的奔下舞台)
背景灯关,工作人员更换下一幕背景。
旁白:so the handsome prince was turned into an ugly beast. Every day he waits in his castle for someone can love him truly as he was to save him from the witch’s curse(诅咒)。

第二幕: 背景:商人的家
人物:美女父亲(father),美女大姐,美女二姐,美女(beauty)
旁白:now not far away from the prince’s castle live a merchant and his three daughters
美女大姐上场:I love nothing better than beautiful dresses in this world!(在镜子前面看自己的衣服)
美女二姐上场:in my opinion, jewel is the most wonderful thing in the world!(坐在沙发上摆弄首饰)
美女上(捧着鲜花):how beautiful the flowers are! I will use them to decorate the house!
美女大姐(厌恶的):oh, you play in the garden again! Look at your dress, it’s dirty!
美女二姐(嘲弄的):I can’t believe you really are my sister! (抢过美女的花扔掉)
美女:my flowers!(捡起被丢掉的花)
父亲上。
父亲:oh, what happen, my dear?
众女上前:good morning, daddy!
父亲:I am going to the town to do some business. I hope you take care of our house and look after each other when I am out.
大女(兴奋的):and when you come back you will bring us presents, won’t you?
二女(兴奋的):how wonderful! You must bring us presents!
父:well, well. What do you want, then?
大女:biring me the dress of the latest fashion!
二女:bing me the most beautiful jewel in the town!
父:and you? My little daughter, what do you want?
美女:I just want you to come back home soon and safely, dear daddy.
父:oh, my kindest little girl! But I do want to give you a present! Tell me what you want.
美女:then, please give me the most beautiful flower you can see on your way home.
父:great! Now I must go. Good bye, my daughters!
众女:goodbye, daddy!
背景灯关,工作人员更换舞台布景
第三幕:
背景:王子的宫殿
人物: 美女父亲,野兽 旁白:to look for the most beautiful flower for his little daughter, the merchant got lost in the forest, and finally he found the prince’s castle.父亲上
父亲:what a beautiful castle! Hello? Is anybody in?(敲门,发现门是开着的)Hello?(疑惑的走进,发现花园)oh, how beautiful the flowers are! Maybe I can pick one for my little daughter.(伸手摘花)野兽上。
野兽:every day I am waiting, but where is the true love that can save me from the witch’s curse?
(发现父亲,生气的):hey, you! How dare you break into my garden!美女父亲(惊愕和害怕):Oh,what are you!! Please don’t hurt me! 野兽:everyone come into my castle should die! 美女父亲:no!Please dont!I have three daughters!If I die ,they will be very sad! 野兽:You have daughters?美女父亲: yes! Please! I come here just want to pick one flower for my little daughter! 野兽(沉思一会):well, if your daughters love you that much, go home and ask one of them to come here instead of you, otherwise I will kill all of you!美女父亲:BUT!!!!!!!!!!野兽(自顾自离开):Go! And let me see if your daughters truly love you and can die for you!
父亲:wait!!!! Wait!!(追着野兽走下舞台)
背景灯关,工作人员更换舞台布景

第四幕背景:商人的家人物:美女父亲,美女大姐,美女二姐,美女 旁白:the merchant finally got home from the castle, and told his daughters what happened.美女(伤心的):daddy,I love you!I wont let the beast kill you! 美女父亲:I wont let the beast touch you either! But he is so strong that nobody can defeat him! 美女大姐(生气的对着小美女)If you dont want the flower, that nothing will happened!It’s your mistake! 美女二姐:why did you want a flower ?Do you want to kill daddy?hen?! 美女:no!Idon’t!I will go to the castle to meet the beast.He said if one of us went there he would not kill daddy. 美女父亲:No ! my little beauty!You are my best love!Icant leave you! 美女:Dont worry,daddy.I will be back.trust me!(转身离去) 美女父亲:No!!!(哭泣~~~) 追着美女下美女大姐二姐(拍胸口放心状):She must be eaten by the beast! How horrible! It’s lucky that we don’t need to go! (悄悄离开)
背景灯关, 工作人员更换布景第五幕:
背景:王子的宫殿
人物:美女,花花工子,野兽 ,信差旁白:on the way to the castle, the beauty met the playboy. 花花公子上
花花公子:I am a handsome boy,I like beautiful girl~~~ (看到美女上来)oh, here comes a real beauty!(上前拦住)morning, miss!美女(吓了一跳,抬头):morning?花花公子:woo~~~what a beautiful girl!here is a present for you!(拿起一枚戒指) 美女:I don’t want your present,I just wanna save my daddy! 花花公子: Don’t leave me , I need you, and I will help you save your father,heihei~~~~(上前要动手动脚) 美女:Don’t! Don’t touch me ! 野兽上
野兽(上前阻拦)::What are you doing! 花花公子(恐惧的看着野兽的脸):ah! Monster!!!~~~~~(晕倒) (美女吃惊地望着野兽) 野兽: You must be his daughter. (美女点点头) 野兽:please come with me. (引路到城堡)美女:woo~~~Its so nice castle. 野兽:This is my home ,do you like it? 美女:yes ,its so pretty. 野兽:this is your bed room,you can sleep here at night. 美女:why, you are not going to eat me?野兽:no. I just want somebody here to be with me. I have been lonely for a long time.美女(同情的): you live here for a long time just by yourself?
野兽:yes, no one dare to come near because of my ugly face. You are afraid, too, aren’t you? Don’t worry, you won’t see me a lot. Now, good night.(沮丧的离开)
美女:oh, poor beast…..
背景灯关。旁白:time flies and two weeks past since little beauty comes to the castle.
美女上,手中抱着鲜花,快乐的哼着歌。野兽上,鼓起勇气去和美女说话:you look happy living here….美女:Yes ,I do. The place is so beautiful, and you are so nice to me! Though you look(有点犹豫)a liitle different, you are really a very nice beast. 野兽(突然认真的):now, tell me, Do you love me ? 美女(吃惊的):en~~~~~what? 野兽:Do you love me ? 美女(慌乱的): love you!? No!no!野兽(失望伤心的):you are right! How can an ugly beast like me ask you to love me!(转身离去) 美女(不知所措): beast! oh, i shouldn’t hurt his heart! He is so nice to me these days!
信差(害怕和犹豫的):hello? Is there anybody in?
美女:yes?
信差:oh ,you must be the merchant’s daughter! I have a message for you!
美女:a message!
信差:yes. Your father is badly ill! He wants you to go home to see him!
野兽上
野兽:who is there?who are you talking to?
信差见到野兽,惊恐的离开:monster!!!!!!!!!!!!!
美女(焦急的):please let me go home to see my daddy!野兽(思考后): well, you can go, but promise me you will come back in 7 days, if you don’t come back ,I will die.
美女:I promise! Thank you!(匆忙跑下舞台)
野兽:will she come back? (自言自语离开)
背景灯关,更换布景

第六幕
背景:商人的家
人物:商人,大女,二女,美女
旁白:the beauty comes home and looks after her sick father, and soon the merchant recovers.
美女(穿着美丽的裙子和戴着漂亮的首饰, 陪伴父亲上):now daddy, I have to go back to the beast! I pomise him to go back in 7 days. 父亲(不舍的): my dearest daughter, how I wish you could stay at home with your old father!
美女:don’t worry. I will come back to see you again. (扶着父亲到舞台一旁,父亲下,美女回到沙发上坐下,整理物品)
大姐和二姐在一旁偷偷商量
大姐:look at her beautiful dress!
二姐:look at her beautiful jewel
大姐:she looks like a princess(公主) now! it’s unfair!二姐:don’t let her go back to the beast! then the beast will be angry and eat her!
大姐:yes! And we will go to the castle instead of her to enjoy the beautiful dresses and jewels!
二姐(拿起水杯,往里面放药):let her drink this! The medicine in the water will let her sleep for a long time!
大姐:good idea!
两人拿水过去给美女喝。
大姐:my dear sister, drink some water before you leave.
美女(毫不怀疑):thank you。(喝下水,昏睡在沙发上)
大姐和二姐:hahaha~now the beautiful dresses and jewels are ours!(得意的离开)
背景灯关,变换布景。

第七幕
背景:王子的宫殿
人物:美女、野兽、女巫
旁白:so when the beauty wakes up, 7days have past and the beast is going to die because she does not keep her promise.
野兽躺在地上,即将死去。
美女匆忙上,伤心的跪在野兽身旁。美女(哭泣):oh, poor beast! don’t die! I am sorry I come back so late! 女巫上
女巫:why do you cry for him? He is only an ugly beast!
美女:no! he is a very nice and kind person! You can not hate a person just because he looks ugly!
女巫:then tell me, do you love him?
美女(哭泣):yes! Yes! i love him! But it is too late now!
女巫:how wonderful, my girl! You have a kind and pure heart, and if you don’t want the beast to die, I will let your dream come true.
美女:please! I don’t want him to die.
女巫施法。野兽从地上醒来,变成了王子(脱下面具)
美女(惊讶的):your face!!!! It’s different!
王子:this is my real face! I was cursed to be an ugly beast, and if I can find someone truly love me even I am ugly, I can be saved! Now you are the girl I am looking for!
女巫:now you learn what true love is, my prince. And you find your princess, congratulations!
王子和美女:thank you, witch!
欢快的音乐声。众演员上场庆祝王子和美女的婚礼。
旁白:from then on, the beauty and the beast live a happy life in the castle.
全剧完